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Propagation Of Sound In Air.
Principle
This experiment demonstrates, particularly clearly, the propagation of sound waves in air and, thereby,
the working principle of the eardrum that is caused to oscillate by pressure waves.
The
movement of the membrane is transferred to the neighbouring air
molecules, which in turn transfer it to their respective neighbouring
molecules. All of the molecules oscillate around their position of rest,
since - just like springs - they are joined by cohesive forces. This
leads to pressure variations that propagate through space in the form of
a sound wave (pressure wave). If a second drum is held precisely in
parallel to the first one, the wave can cause the membrane of the drum
to oscillate.
Tasks
The
sound is generated by striking a frame drum or the bottom of a tray
vigorously with a striking hammer. The "sound receiver" is a (second)
frame drum. Its movement is visualised with the aid of a styrofoamsphere
pendulum. Try this method of detection out and try to optimise it.
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