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Equipment For Kinetic Theory.
Kinetic theory of gases will explain the macroscopic properties of gases starting from their molecular composition.
This kinetic theory assumes some hypotheses:
Molecules of gases are considered as material points in random motion and distributed uniformly in the space.
They will collide with each other and with the walls of the vessel with perfectly elastic shocks
The number of molecules is high, consequently statistic methods can be used
The total volume of gas molecules is negligeable with respect to the volume of vessel
The interaction between molecules is negligeable, except during collisions that are of pulse type
Molecules are perfectly spherical
Relativistic and quantum effects are negligeable.
The hypotheses indicated above describe the behaviour of ideal gases accurately.
Actual gases approach the behaviour of ideal ones in conditions of low density or of high temperature (far from condensation).
This equipment enables to demonstrate molecular activity in gases.
An electric motor operating at 4 to 12 Vdc provokes some vibrations on a small platform inside a transparent tube so that a lot of small spheres of stainless steel start vibrating violently inside the tube.
An increase of vibration will simulate a rise of gas temperature and an increase of the weight of fl oat will simulate an increase of gas pressure.
The equipment includes spheres and 2 fl oats
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